NEWS

THE SCJN UPHOLDS THE PUBLIC BIDDING REGIME AND THE SINGLE 25-YEAR EXTENSION / LA SCJN CONVALIDA EL RÉGIMEN DE LICITACIÓN PÚBLICA Y LA PRÓRROGA ÚNICA DE 25 AÑOS

Apr 29, 2026

Legal Alert

LA SCJN CONVALIDA EL RÉGIMEN DE LICITACIÓN PÚBLICA Y LA PRÓRROGA ÚNICA DE 25 AÑOS

THE SCJN UPHOLDS THE PUBLIC BIDDING REGIME AND THE SINGLE 25-YEAR EXTENSION

 

1. Criterio de la Suprema Corte y marco normativo revisado

1. Criterion of the Supreme Court and regulatory framework reviewed

El Pleno de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación emitió la jurisprudencia 47/2026 (12a.), de rubro "CONCESIONES MINERAS. EL DECRETO DE REFORMAS EN MATERIA DE CONCESIONES PARA MINERÍA Y AGUA, QUE ESTABLECE QUE SÓLO SE OTORGARÁN MEDIANTE LICITACIÓN PÚBLICA, ASÍ COMO SU PRÓRROGA, NO VIOLA EL PRINCIPIO DE IRRETROACTIVIDAD DE LA LEY", publicada en el Semanario Judicial de la Federación el 10 de abril de 2026. La tesis deriva del amparo en revisión 26/2025, resuelto el 8 de octubre de 2025 por unanimidad de nueve votos del Pleno.

The Plenary of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation issued jurisprudence 47/2026 (12th), titled "MINING CONCESSIONS. THE DECREE OF AMENDMENTS REGARDING CONCESSIONS FOR MINING AND WATER, WHICH ESTABLISHES THAT THEY SHALL ONLY BE GRANTED THROUGH PUBLIC BIDDING, AS WELL AS THEIR EXTENSION, DOES NOT VIOLATE THE PRINCIPLE OF NON-RETROACTIVITY OF THE LAW", published in the Judicial Weekly of the Federation on April 10, 2026. The thesis derives from amparo on review 26/2025, resolved on October 8, 2025 by unanimity of nine votes of the Plenary.

El criterio se pronuncia sobre el Decreto por el que se reforman, adicionan y derogan diversas disposiciones de la Ley Minera (ahora Ley de Minería), de la Ley de Aguas Nacionales, de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente y de la Ley General para la Prevención y Gestión Integral de los Residuos, en materia de concesiones para minería y agua, publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 8 de mayo de 2023.

The criterion rules on the Decree by which various provisions of the Mining Law, the National Waters Law, the General Law of Ecological Equilibrium and Environmental Protection and the General Law for the Prevention and Comprehensive Management of Waste are amended, added and repealed, regarding concessions for mining and water, published in the Official Gazette of the Federation on May 8, 2023.

 

 

2. Régimen confirmado por el Pleno

2. Regime confirmed by the Plenary

El criterio convalida dos modificaciones estructurales introducidas por el Decreto. La primera consiste en que la Secretaría de Economía sólo otorgará concesiones mineras mediante concurso de licitación pública que garantice al Estado las mejores condiciones económicas y de beneficio para la población, en sustitución del esquema previo de adjudicación al primer solicitante en tiempo sobre terreno libre que cumpliera los requisitos de ley (artículo 13 de la Ley de Minería). La segunda se refiere al artículo 15, que fija una vigencia de treinta años (cinco de ellos destinados a actividades preoperativas) y establece que las concesiones podrán prorrogarse por una sola ocasión por veinticinco años, frente al esquema anterior que admitía prórroga hasta por cincuenta años.

The criterion upholds two structural modifications introduced by the Decree. The first consists of the Ministry of Economy granting mining concessions only through public bidding procedures that guarantee to the State the best economic conditions and benefit for the population, replacing the previous scheme of award to the first applicant in time over free land that met the requirements of the law (article 13 of the Mining Law). The second refers to article 15, which sets a term of thirty years (five of them allocated to pre-operational activities) and establishes that concessions may be extended on one single occasion for twenty-five years, in contrast to the previous scheme that allowed an extension for up to fifty years.

 

La prórroga procede cuando la persona titular no haya incurrido en causales de cancelación, la solicite dentro de los dos años y hasta un año antes del término de su vigencia y cuente con las autorizaciones, permisos y la concesión de agua para uso industrial en la minería. Concluida la prórroga, la persona titular puede participar en la licitación del mismo lote, con preferencia para la adjudicación si iguala la propuesta más alta; la concesión que en su caso se otorgue es por un término improrrogable de veinticinco años.

The extension is granted when the holder has not incurred in grounds for cancellation, requests it within two years and up to one year before the end of its term, and has the authorizations, permits and water concession for industrial use in mining. Once the extension has concluded, the holder may participate in the bidding for the same lot, with preference for the award if it matches the highest proposal; the concession that may be granted shall be for a non-extendable term of twenty-five years.

 

 

3. Razonamiento sobre irretroactividad y derechos adquiridos

3. Reasoning on non-retroactivity and acquired rights

El Pleno sostuvo que una norma transgrede el principio de irretroactividad previsto en el artículo 14 constitucional cuando modifica derechos adquiridos o supuestos jurídicos y sus consecuencias generados bajo la vigencia de la ley anterior, lo que no ocurre frente a meras expectativas de derecho ni respecto de situaciones aún no realizadas. Bajo esa premisa, concluyó que el régimen anterior no incorporaba a la esfera jurídica del particular un derecho a obtener concesiones mineras conforme al esquema de primer solicitante, sino únicamente una expectativa de derecho.

The Plenary held that a rule transgresses the principle of non-retroactivity provided for in article 14 of the Constitution when it modifies acquired rights or legal assumptions and their consequences generated under the validity of the previous law, which does not occur with mere expectations of right or with respect to situations not yet realized. Under that premise, it concluded that the previous regime did not incorporate into the legal sphere of the individual a right to obtain mining concessions under the first-applicant scheme, but only an expectation of right.

Sobre la prórroga, la Corte determinó que la posibilidad de obtenerla no ingresa de manera simultánea al patrimonio jurídico del concesionario al otorgarse el título, pues no resulta obligatorio para el titular solicitarla ni para la autoridad concederla en sentido favorable; por tanto, la reducción del plazo máximo de prórroga no afecta un derecho adquirido. El Pleno añadió que no existe un derecho a la inmutabilidad del marco normativo y reconoció la facultad del legislador para redefinir las condiciones de acceso al aprovechamiento de los minerales.

Regarding the extension, the Court determined that the possibility of obtaining it does not enter simultaneously into the legal patrimony of the concessionaire upon the granting of the title, since it is not mandatory for the holder to request it nor for the authority to grant it favorably; therefore, the reduction of the maximum extension term does not affect an acquired right. The Plenary added that there is no right to the immutability of the regulatory framework and recognized the legislator's authority to redefine the conditions of access to the use of minerals.

 

 

4. Subsistencia de los títulos otorgados con anterioridad

4. Subsistence of titles previously granted

El Pleno enfatizó que el artículo Sexto Transitorio del Decreto preserva la vigencia de los títulos previamente otorgados, al disponer que las concesiones de exploración y explotación expedidas antes de la entrada en vigor de la reforma conservan la duración prevista en el título respectivo. Esa salvaguarda se refiere exclusivamente a la vigencia originalmente conferida y no se extiende a la renovación o ampliación bajo las condiciones del régimen previo, las cuales quedan sujetas a las nuevas reglas.

The Plenary emphasized that the Sixth Transitory article of the Decree preserves the validity of titles previously granted, by providing that exploration and exploitation concessions issued before the entry into force of the reform retain the duration provided in the respective title. That safeguard refers exclusively to the originally conferred validity and does not extend to the renewal or expansion under the conditions of the previous regime, which are subject to the new rules.

Adicionalmente, conforme al artículo Séptimo Transitorio, no se otorgarán prórrogas a las concesiones ubicadas en Áreas Naturales Protegidas ni a las relativas a exploración, explotación y beneficio del mercurio en el territorio nacional. Asimismo, las solicitudes de nueva concesión de exploración y explotación que se encontraban en trámite a la entrada en vigor del Decreto fueron desechadas por disposición expresa del artículo Quinto Transitorio.

Additionally, pursuant to the Seventh Transitory article, no extensions shall be granted to concessions located in Natural Protected Areas or to those related to exploration, exploitation and beneficiation of mercury in the national territory. Likewise, applications for new exploration and exploitation concessions that were in process at the entry into force of the Decree were dismissed by express provision of the Fifth Transitory article.

En lo prospectivo, la regulación reglamentaria derivada del Decreto continúa siendo una variable a monitorear, en términos del artículo Cuarto Transitorio que ordenó al Ejecutivo Federal expedir las reformas a las disposiciones reglamentarias correspondientes.

Prospectively, the regulatory framework derived from the Decree continues to be a variable to monitor, in terms of the Fourth Transitory article that ordered the Federal Executive to issue the amendments to the corresponding regulatory provisions.

Jair Bravo Gutiérrez

Socio Administrador Nacional / National Managing Partner

Jair.Bravo@FisherBroyles.com

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2025 Bravo Gutiérrez & Münch, S.C. | All Rights Reserved Worldwide | Privacy Policy | Legal Notices | Contact | Attorney Advertising. Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome.

English